Counselor Preparation Comprehensive Practice Examination

Social Identity Theory focuses on how individuals categorize themselves and others into social groups based on shared characteristics. This theory emphasizes the importance of group memberships in shaping a person's self-concept and social identity. Individuals derive part of their identity from their association with these groups, which can be based on various attributes such as race, nationality, religion, or interests.

The correct option highlights the essence of Social Identity Theory, which is the grouping of people based on similarities that create a sense of belonging and identity. This grouping process influences behaviour, attitudes, and interactions with others. By understanding Social Identity Theory, counselors can better help clients recognize how their group affiliations impact their experiences and perspectives, thus aiding in social integration and personal growth.

The other choices, while they touch on specific aspects that may relate to broader themes of identity, do not encompass the full scope of Social Identity Theory. Sorting individuals based solely on economics or sexual orientation is too narrow, and identifying through personality tests does not capture the collective nature of identity formation that the theory emphasizes.